Aerospace & UAVs

Engineering project

Fixed-Wing VTOL UAV Control System

Custom flight controller for tilt-rotor VTOL UAV managing multicopter-to-fixed-wing transition at 80–120km/h.

VTOLTransitionFixed-WingEmbedded

Project brief

Flight control system for a tilt-rotor VTOL (vertical takeoff and landing) unmanned aircraft, managing the complex transition between multicopter hover and fixed-wing cruise modes. The controller handles variable tilt-rotor angle control, adaptive flight envelope management during transition at 80–120km/h, and full autonomous mission execution including VTOL precision landing at a GPS coordinate.

The record presents a mode-transition control project. The explanatory workflow makes that coordination readable without adding flight demonstrations or range results.

The engineering challenge

Manage changing control authority as a tilt-rotor vehicle transitions between hover and cruise.

Engineering approach

  1. Represent hover, transition, cruise, and landing as explicit control modes.
  2. Schedule references and gains with tilt angle and vehicle state.
  3. Integrate navigation feedback and redundancy monitoring across mode changes.

Features & capabilities

  • Dual-mode flight: multicopter hover + fixed-wing cruise with smooth transition
  • Tilt-rotor angle: 0°–90° via servo, sensor-fusion attitude feedback
  • Transition window: 80–120km/h with adaptive gain scheduling
  • Autonomous full mission: VTOL takeoff → transit → survey → VTOL landing
  • Precision landing: GPS + optical flow + barometer fusion for <50cm accuracy
  • Redundant autopilot with heartbeat monitoring and failsafe recovery
  • Cruise efficiency: 2× range improvement vs multicopter at same payload
  • Integration with SLAM for GPS-denied operation (optical flow + sonar)

Software & engineering tools

STM32H743, Pixhawk 6C compatible, custom tilt servo driver, optical flow PMW3901, Altium PCB